The Meaning, Definition And Features Of Planning

Introduction:-

Planning is bridge between starting and ending. Setting up targets and objective for a fixed time period and formulation an action plan to achieve them efficiently and effectively.

Meaning:-

All organization whether it is government, a private or small business require planning . It bridges gap between where we are standing and where we want to reach.

Definition:-

"Planning is an intellectual process, conscious determination of course of action, the basing of decision on purpose, facts and considered estimates".

- Koontz & O Donnell

Features:-

• Focus on achieving goals
• Primary function
• Pervasive function
• Continuous process
• Involves decision making

1. Focus on achieving goals- organization are set up with general purpose hence planning is purposeful . Planning has no meaning unless it contributes to achievement of predetermined organizational goals.
2. Primary function- planning is 1st and important function of management. Planning lays down the base for the other function of management
3. .Planning precedes other function.Thus, planning is referred as primary function of management.It provides the basis of all other function.
4. Pervasive function- planning is required at all levels as well as in all departments of organization.It is not exclusive function of management nor of any particular department.Scope of planning defers at different levels and among different departments.

Example:- Top Level- undertakes planning as whole organization.

                   Middle Level- for departmental planning.

                   Lower Level- for day to day operational planning.

4. Continuous process-Plans are prepared for specific period of time.

     At the end of that time new plan is to be drawn on the basis of new requirement and future conditions. Hence, it is continuous process.

5. Future oriented process- It involves looking ahead and preparing          for future. Purpose of planning is to meet future events.It involves peeping into future.

6. Involves decision making- It essentially involves choice from various alternatives and activities. The need for planning arises only when alternatives are available. Thus, it involves through examination and evaluation of each alternative and choosing the appropriate one. Happy New Month Of August 2021